Nobel Prize 2025 Winners List: Names, Achievements & Exam GK
The Nobel Prize announcements for 2025, held from October 6th to October 13th, have once again highlighted humanity’s greatest achievements. For aspirants preparing for Sarkari exams like UPSC, SSC, Banking, and State PSCs, the Nobel Prize Winners List is a critical topic in the Current Affairs and General Knowledge section. Understanding the laureates and their contributions is essential for scoring well.
This detailed article from Sarkariedge.in provides a comprehensive list of the Nobel Prize 2025 winners, a category-wise analysis of their work, and other important facts to boost your exam preparation.
Nobel Prize 2025 Winners List at a Glance
Here is a complete summary of the Nobel laureates for 2025, their respective fields, and the groundbreaking work that earned them this prestigious honor.
| Date of Announcement | Category | Winner(s) | Contribution / Rationale |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct 6, 2025 | Physiology or Medicine | Mary E. Brunkow, Fred Ramsdell, Shimon Sakaguchi | For their discovery of regulatory T cells and the Foxp3 gene, crucial for controlling immune responses and preventing autoimmune diseases. For More- Check Here |
| Oct 7, 2025 | Physics | John Clarke, Michel H. Devoret, John M. Martinis | For demonstrating quantum mechanical effects in large-scale superconducting circuits, paving the way for quantum computing. For More- Check Here |
| Oct 8, 2025 | Chemistry | Susumu Kitagawa, Richard Robson, Omar M. Yaghi | For the development of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), molecular structures with applications in gas storage, water harvesting, and catalysis. For More – Check Here |
| Oct 9, 2025 | Literature | László Krasznahorkai | For his visionary and intense prose that explores themes of chaos, faith, and human despair. For More – Check Here |
| Oct 10, 2025 | Peace | Maria Corina Machado | For her courageous and relentless efforts to promote a peaceful transition to democracy in Venezuela. For More – Check Here |
| Oct 13, 2025 | Economic Sciences | To Be Announced | (Details will be updated upon announcement) |
Category-Wise Analysis of Nobel Prize Winners 2025
To truly understand the importance of these awards, let’s delve deeper into the achievements recognized in each category.
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2025
This year’s prize in Medicine celebrates a fundamental discovery about our immune system. The laureates identified “regulatory T cells,” which act as the body’s internal peacekeepers. These cells prevent our immune system from mistakenly attacking our own tissues, a process that leads to autoimmune diseases like multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis. Their research also identified the Foxp3 gene as the master controller of these T cells. This breakthrough has opened new avenues for treating cancer and autoimmune disorders, marking a significant leap in medical science.
Nobel Prize in Physics 2025
The 2025 Nobel Prize in Physics bridges the gap between the bizarre world of quantum mechanics and our everyday macroscopic world. John Clarke, Michel H. Devoret, and John M. Martinis proved that quantum phenomena like tunnelling and energy quantisation aren’t limited to microscopic particles. They observed these effects in large, human-made superconducting circuits. This discovery is not just a theoretical marvel; it forms the foundational principle behind the development of quantum computers, which promise to revolutionize fields from medicine to materials science.
Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2025
The Chemistry prize was awarded for designing and synthesizing a new class of materials known as metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). Think of MOFs as molecular sponges with highly customizable pores. Created by linking metal ions with organic molecules, these crystalline structures can be engineered to trap specific gases like carbon dioxide, store hydrogen for clean energy, harvest water from desert air, or act as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions. With thousands of different MOFs already created, their potential to solve major environmental and technological challenges is immense.
Nobel Prize in Literature 2025
Hungarian author László Krasznahorkai was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature for his unique and demanding literary style. Known for his long, complex sentences and bleak, apocalyptic themes, his novels like Sátántangó and The Melancholy of Resistance paint a powerful picture of societal decay and the human search for meaning amidst chaos. The Swedish Academy praised his work as visionary prose that captures “the beauty hidden within human despair.”
Nobel Peace Prize 2025
The Norwegian Nobel Committee awarded the 2025 Nobel Peace Prize to Maria Corina Machado of Venezuela. She was recognized for her unwavering and courageous fight for democracy and human rights in her country. For decades, she has been a leading voice against authoritarianism, advocating for free and fair elections and a peaceful transition of power. The prize highlights her resilience and “relentless efforts to promote democracy” in the face of immense personal risk.
Complete Nobel Prize 2025 Announcement Schedule
The announcements were made across Stockholm and Oslo, following a traditional schedule:
| Date | Category | Awarding Institution |
|---|---|---|
| Monday, 6 October | Physiology or Medicine | Nobel Assembly at Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm |
| Tuesday, 7 October | Physics | Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Stockholm |
| Wednesday, 8 October | Chemistry | Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Stockholm |
| Thursday, 9 October | Literature | Swedish Academy, Stockholm |
| Friday, 10 October | Peace | Norwegian Nobel Committee, Oslo |
| Monday, 13 October | Economic Sciences | Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Stockholm |
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) for Exam Aspirants
Q1. Who won the 2025 Nobel Prize for discovering regulatory T cells?
Ans: The prize for Physiology or Medicine was jointly awarded to Mary E. Brunkow, Fred Ramsdell, and Shimon Sakaguchi for this discovery.
Q2. What is the significance of the Nobel Prize in Physics 2025?
Ans: It recognized the demonstration of quantum effects in large circuits, which is a foundational step for building powerful quantum computers.
Q3. When and where is the Nobel Prize award ceremony held?
Ans: The award ceremony is traditionally held on December 10th, the anniversary of Alfred Nobel’s death. The Peace Prize is awarded in Oslo, Norway, while all other prizes are awarded in Stockholm, Sweden.
Q4. What do the Nobel laureates receive as their prize?
Ans: Each Nobel laureate receives three things: a Nobel Prize diploma, a gold medal, and a monetary award. For 2025, the prize money is 11 million Swedish kronor (SEK) per category, which is shared if there are multiple winners.
Q5. Why is the Nobel Prize an important topic for government job exams?
Ans: Questions about Nobel Prize winners, their fields, and their specific contributions are frequently asked in the General Knowledge and Current Affairs sections of exams like UPSC Civil Services, SSC CGL, RRB NTPC, and various banking exams.
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